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Current state and future perspectives of sewer networks in urban China

Dong Huang, Xiuhong Liu, Songzhu Jiang, Hongchen Wang, Junyan Wang, Yuankai Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1023-1

摘要： Chinese authorities and the public have largely ignored sewer networks; however, various problems are emerging nationwide with the increase construction of new sewers. The current state of sewer network construction, administration, and maintenance in China is comprehensively reviewed in this study. Serving about 444 million people, 511,200 km of sewer lines are located in urban areas. In 2014, $7 billion was invested in sewer network construction. However, both the sewer pervasion rate and the per capita sewer length were significantly lower than those in developed countries. Sewer administrative agencies in local governments are uncoordinated. Laws, regulations, and standards are incomplete, and some practices are unscientific. The future situation of sewer maintenance is extremely grim because sewer corrosion control measures have not been launched. Moreover, inspection and rehabilitation chiefly rely on traditional approaches. In contrast, the overall market share of innovative technologies is very low owing to high cost, funds shortage, and technical limitations. Approaches such as liner inversion cured-in-place pipe, pull-in ultraviolet light cured liners, and spiral wound lining are applied mostly in economically developed regions. According to status and problem analyses, China’s top priority will be to conduct aggressive maintenance work in sewer networks in the future. New technical route, corrosion control - periodic visualized inspection - trenchless rehabilitation, could be the best option for future sewer maintenance in China. Instructions and opportunities for applying this technical route are discussed in detail in this study. Finally, additional factors in the development of sewer networks in China are suggested.

关键词： Sewer network     China     Management     Sewer corrosion     Sewer inspection     Trenchless rehabilitation    

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New method for efficient control of hydrogen sulfide and methane in gravity sewers: Combination of NaOH and Nitrite

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1509-0

摘要：

• The combination of NaOH and nitrite was used to control harmful gas in sewers.

关键词： Sewer corrosion     Sulfide control     Combination treatment     NaOH     Nitrite    

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Concrete corrosion in wastewater systems: Prediction and sensitivity analysis using advanced extreme

Mohammad ZOUNEMAT-KERMANI, Meysam ALIZAMIR, Zaher Mundher YASEEN, Reinhard HINKELMANN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 444-460 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0697-9

摘要： The implementation of novel machine learning models can contribute remarkably to simulating the degradation of concrete due to environmental factors. This study considers the sulfuric acid corrosive factor in wastewater systems to simulate concrete mass loss using five machine learning models. The models include three different types of extreme learning machines, including the standard, online sequential, and kernel extreme learning machines, in addition to the artificial neural network, classification and regression tree model, and statistical multiple linear regression model. The reported values of concrete mass loss for six different types of concrete are the target values of the machine learning models. The input variability was assessed based on two scenarios prior to the application of the predictive models. For the first assessment, the machine learning models were developed using all the available cement and concrete mixture input variables; the second assessment was conducted based on the gamma test approach, which is a sensitivity analysis technique. Subsequently, the sensitivity analysis of the most effective parameters for concrete corrosion was tested using three different approaches. The adopted methodology attained optimistic and reliable modeling results. The online sequential extreme learning machine model demonstrated superior performance over the other investigated models in predicting the concrete mass loss of different types of concrete.

关键词： sewer systems     environmental engineering     data-driven methods     sensitivity analysis    

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Quantitative analysis of impact of green stormwater infrastructures on combined sewer overflow control

Jinsong Tao, Zijian Li, Xinlai Peng, Gaoxiang Ying

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0952-4

摘要： Stimulated by the recent USEPA’s green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) guidance and policies, GSI systems have been widely implemented in the municipal area to control the combined sewer overflows (CSOs), also known as low impact development (LID) approaches. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control, USEPA-Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) model was adopted in this study to simulate the behaviors of GSI systems in a well-developed urban drainage area, PSW45, under different circumstances. The impact of different percentages of stormwater runoff transported from impervious surfaces to the GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control has also been investigated. Results show that with current buildup, GSI systems in PSW45 have the best performance for low intensity and short duration events on both volume and peak flow reductions, and have the worst performance for high intensity and long duration events. Since the low intensity and short duration events are dominant from a long-term perspective, utilizing GSI systems is considered as an effective measure of CSO control to meet the long-term control strategy for PSW45 watershed. However, GSI systems are not suitable for the flooding control purpose in PSW45 due to the high occurrence possibility of urban flooding during or after high intensity events where GSI systems have relatively poor performance no matter for a short or long duration event.

关键词： Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI)     Combined sewer overflows (CSOs)     Urban flooding     Low impact development (LID)     Stormwater Management Model (SWMM)    

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Diagnosis of sewer pipe defects on image recognition of multi-features and support vector machine in

Xiangyang Ye, Jian’e Zuo, Ruohan Li, Yajiao Wang, Lili Gan, Zhonghan Yu, Xiaoqing Hu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1102-y

摘要：

An image-recognition-based diagnosis system of pipe defect types was established.

1043 practical pipe images were gathered by CCTV robot in a southern Chinese city.

The overall accuracy of the system is 84% and the highest accuracy is 99.3%.

The accuracy shows positive correlation to the number of training samples.

关键词： Sewer pipe defects     Defect diagnosing     Image recognition     Multi-features extraction     Support vector machine    

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On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 181-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0065-2

摘要： A calcium chloride solution with a different extender, which is made up of either pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, or calcium chloride with activated carbon, acts differently on stainless steel. The mass ratio between calcium chloride with expanded graphite or activated carbon is almost 4∶1, which is demonstrated to be the optimum ratio. The experimental research in this paper reveals that, of the three solutions, which are pure calcium chloride, calcium chloride with expanded graphite, and calcium chloride with activated carbon, the strongest oxidation creation and pitting corrosion happened in the solution of calcium chloride with expanded graphite, the weakest oxidation creation happened in the solution of calcium chloride with activated carbon, and pitting corrosion was stronger than oxidation creation in the solution of pure calcium chloride. This paper gives the reasons for these phenomena. Furthermore, based on theory analysis, multiple means and approaches are provided to prevent stainless steel from further corroding.

关键词： stainless steel     corrosion     calcium chloride     expanded graphite     activated carbon     oxidation creation     pitting corrosion    

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Initial impacts of rain gardens’ application on water quality and quantity in combined sewer: field-scale

Isam Alyaseri, Jianpeng Zhou, Susan M. Morgan, Andrew Bartlett

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0988-5

摘要： Green infrastructures such as rain gardens can benefit onsite reduction of stormwater runoff, leading to reduced combined sewer overflows. A pilot project was conducted to evaluate the impact of rain gardens on the water quality and volume reduction of storm runoff from urban streets in a combined sewer area. The study took place in a six-block area on South Grand Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. The impact was assessed through a comparison between the pre-construction (2011/2012) and the post-construction (2014) phases. Shortly after the rain gardens were installed, the levels of total suspended solids, chloride, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, zinc, and copper increased. The level of mercury was lower than the detection level in both phases. was the only parameter that showed statistically significant decrease following the installation of rain gardens. The likely reason for initial increase in monitored water quality parameters is that the post-construction sampling began after the rain gardens were constructed but before planting, resulted from soil erosion and wash-out from the mulch. However, the levels of most of water quality parameters decreased in the following time period during the post-construction phase. The study found 76% volume reduction of stormwater runoff following the installation of rain gardens at one of studied sites. Statistical analysis is essential on collected data because of the encountered high variability of measured flows resulted from low flow conditions in studied sewers.

关键词： Rain gardens     Bioretention     Combined sewer     Stormwater quality and quantity    

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Water-level based discrete integrated dynamic control to regulate the flow for sewer-WWTP operation

Zhengsheng Lu, Moran Wang, Mingkai Zhang, Ji Li, Ying Xu, Hanchang Shi, Yanchen Liu, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1222-4

摘要： A model-free sewer-WWTP integrated control was proposed. A dynamic discrete control based on the water level was developed. The approach could improve the sewer operation against flow fluctuation. The approach could increase transport capacity and enhance pump efficiency. This study aims to propose a multi-point integrated real-time control method based on discrete dynamic water level variations, which can be realized only based on the programmable logic controller (PLC) system without using a complex mathematical model. A discretized water level control model was developed to conduct the real-time control based on data-automation. It combines the upstream pumping stations and the downstream influent pumping systems of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The discretized water level control method can regulate dynamic wastewater pumping flow of pumps following the dynamic water level variation in the sewer system. This control method has been successfully applied in practical integrated operations of sewer-WWTP following the sensitive flow disturbances of the sewer system. The operational results showed that the control method could provide a more stabilized regulate pumping flow for treatment process; it can also reduce the occurrence risk of combined sewer overflow (CSO) during heavy rainfall events by increasing transport capacity of pumping station and influent flow in WWTP, which takes full advantage of storage space in the sewer system.

关键词： Sewer system     Integrated control     Discrete control     Water level    

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Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第3期   页码 316-319 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0040-y

摘要： Corrosion of steel and rebar in concrete structures is one of the most frequent reasons for civil infrastructure failures. Thus, improving the effective corrosion sensor technology can greatly reduce cost and provide safe structures with long service lives. However, assessing the corrosion condition of rebars is not simple because they are buried in concrete. In this paper, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a corrosion sensor for monitoring steel rebars embedded in a concrete structure is developed and validated by experiments. Based on the fact that the volume and diameter of a rebar embedded in concrete will enlarge due to corrosion, an FBG packaged with fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) is wrapped on the steel bar. During corrosion, the increase in the bar diameter leads to the increase in fiber strain, which can be measured by the shift of the wavelength of FBG. Performances of the corrosion sensor are validated by accelerating corrosion in lab experiments. The corrosion sensor is embedded in a concrete specimen put in a 5% sodium chloride solution with a constant current. Experimental results show that the corrosion sensor can monitor the concurrence of corrosion of rebars in concrete. The corrosion extent can be quantitatively evaluated through the change in the wavelength of FBG. Therefore, the corrosion sensor developed in this paper is feasible for monitoring the early corrosion of rebars in concrete.

关键词： fiber Bragg grating (FBG)     corrosion     concrete structures     accelerated corrosion test    

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Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 233-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0024-y

摘要： Nickel-based alloys, austenitic stainless steel, ferritic/martensitic heat-resistant steels, and oxide dispersion strengthened steel are presently considered to be the candidate structural or fuel-cladding materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR), one of the promising generation IV reactor for large-scale electric power production. However, corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of these candidate alloys still remain to be a major problem in the selection of nuclear fuel cladding and other structural materials, such as water rod. Survey of literature and experimental results reveal that the general corrosion mechanism of those candidate materials exhibits quite complicated mechanism in high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical water. Formation of a stable protective oxide film is the key to the best corrosion-resistant alloys. This paper focuses on the mechanism of corrosion oxide film breakdown for SCWR candidate materials.

关键词： supercritical water-cooled reactor     general corrosion     oxide film     corrosion mechanism    

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Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 564-576 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1720-0

摘要：

Recently, more and more attention is paid on applications of molten chlorides in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants as high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) and heat transfer fluid (HTF) materials due to their high thermal stability limits and low prices, compared to the commercial TES/HTF materials in CSP-nitrate salt mixtures. A higher TES/HTF operating temperature leads to higher efficiency of thermal to electrical energy conversion of the power block in CSP, however causes additional challenges, particularly increased corrosiveness of metallic alloys used as containers and structural materials. Thus, it is essential to study corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of metallic alloys in molten chlorides at operating temperatures (500–800 °C) for realizing the commercial application of molten chlorides in CSP. The results of studies on hot corrosion of metallic alloys in molten chlorides are reviewed to understand their corrosion behaviors and mechanisms under various conditions (e.g., temperature, atmosphere). Emphasis has also been given on salt purification to reduce corrosive impurities in molten chlorides and development of electrochemical techniques to in-situ monitor corrosive impurities in molten chlorides, in order to efficiently control corrosion rates of metallic alloys in molten chlorides to meet the requirements of industrial applications.

关键词： corrosion mechanisms     impurities     metallic corrosion     salt purification     electrochemical techniques    

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Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1506-3

摘要：

• The early corrosion process in the cast iron pipes was investigated.

关键词： Cast iron pipe corrosion     Drinking water distribution systems     Chlorine disinfection     Iron-oxidizing bacteria     Coupling effects    

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我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 190-197 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.020

摘要：

腐蚀管理关乎安全生产，关乎国民经济，关乎生态文明，关乎资源节约和国家建设。虽然少数行业在腐蚀管理方面已经进行了一些卓有成效的探索和实践，但是总体上腐蚀管理在我国发展十分不平衡，存在着腐蚀管理意识薄弱、专业人才短缺和管理系统不健全等问题。因此，有必要进一步明确腐蚀管理的内涵，明确我国腐蚀管理体系化发展的基本要求，推动腐蚀管理体系化持续健康发展。本文基于中国工程院重点咨询项目“我国腐蚀管理状况与对策战略研究”主要研究成果，阐述了腐蚀管理的内涵及体系化发展的重要意义，分析了我国腐蚀管理的现状及问题，总结提出了腐蚀管理体系基本框架及管理要点，提出了将腐蚀管理纳入国家安全战略，成立腐蚀管理战略研究常设机构；加强腐蚀学科建设，强化人才战略；建立健全腐蚀防护相关法规标准，强化标准意识；加强腐蚀数据库建设，畅通沟通渠道；搭建腐蚀管理信息及大数据交流平台，打造共享管理新模式等对策建议。

关键词： 腐蚀管理，腐蚀管理体系，腐蚀防护，腐蚀控制，腐蚀安全    

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Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 43-50 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0532-7

摘要： Mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl urea were synthesized, characterized and used as new corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in the acidic media. Inhibitory effect of two compounds on mild steel surface in the 1 mol·L sulphuric acid has been studied by a series of techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization, weight loss and quantum chemical calculation methods. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that two inhibitors are mixed type. All measurements showed that inhibition efficiencies enhanced with increase of inhibitor concentration. This reveals that inhibitive actions of inhibitors were mainly due to adsorption on mild steel surface. Density functional (DFT) calculations have been carried out for the title compounds by performing HF and DFT levels of theory using the standard 6-31G* basis set.

关键词： corrosion inhibitors     mild steel     acidic medium     theoretical studies     DFT    

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Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1608-1619 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2349-1

摘要： MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature (> 700 °C) thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power plants. Adding Mg into molten MgCl2–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni alloys. However, it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700 °C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid form. The corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous work. Microscopic analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi2/Mg2Ni compounds. The Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys, with the thickness around 204 µm (stainless steel 310) and 1300 µm (Incoloy 800H), respectively. These results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl2–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power (CSP)     Mg corrosion inhibitor     Mg–Ni intermetallic     salt purification     thermal energy storage (TES)    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Current state and future perspectives of sewer networks in urban China

Dong Huang, Xiuhong Liu, Songzhu Jiang, Hongchen Wang, Junyan Wang, Yuankai Zhang

期刊论文

New method for efficient control of hydrogen sulfide and methane in gravity sewers: Combination of NaOH and Nitrite

期刊论文

Concrete corrosion in wastewater systems: Prediction and sensitivity analysis using advanced extreme

Mohammad ZOUNEMAT-KERMANI, Meysam ALIZAMIR, Zaher Mundher YASEEN, Reinhard HINKELMANN

期刊论文

Quantitative analysis of impact of green stormwater infrastructures on combined sewer overflow control

Jinsong Tao, Zijian Li, Xinlai Peng, Gaoxiang Ying

期刊论文

Diagnosis of sewer pipe defects on image recognition of multi-features and support vector machine in

Xiangyang Ye, Jian’e Zuo, Ruohan Li, Yajiao Wang, Lili Gan, Zhonghan Yu, Xiaoqing Hu

期刊论文

On corrosion to stainless steel by calcium chloride with different extender

Lv XU, Yuanyang HU, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG,

期刊论文

Initial impacts of rain gardens’ application on water quality and quantity in combined sewer: field-scale

Isam Alyaseri, Jianpeng Zhou, Susan M. Morgan, Andrew Bartlett

期刊论文

Water-level based discrete integrated dynamic control to regulate the flow for sewer-WWTP operation

Zhengsheng Lu, Moran Wang, Mingkai Zhang, Ji Li, Ying Xu, Hanchang Shi, Yanchen Liu, Xia Huang

期刊论文

Monitoring corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures via fiber Bragg grating sensors

Zhupeng ZHENG, Xiaoning SUN, Ying LEI

期刊论文

Corrosion mechanisms of candidate structural materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor

Lefu ZHANG, Fawen ZHU, Rui TANG

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of metallic alloys in molten chloride salts for thermal energy storage in concentrated

Wenjin Ding, Alexander Bonk, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

期刊论文

我国腐蚀管理体系研究

马秀敏,朱桂雨,路东柱,段继周,侯保荣

期刊论文

Synthesis of mono and bis-4-methylpiperidiniummethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors for steel in acidic

Abbas TEIMOURI, Nasrin SOLTANI, Alireza Najafi CHERMAHINI

期刊论文

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl2–KCl–NaCl salt with over-addedMg corrosion inhibitor

期刊论文